Kumashishini anamhlanje anje ngeekhemikhali, amayeza, ukutya, kunye neekhemikhali ezilungileyo, ii-reactors zisebenza njengenye yezixhobo ezingundoqo zokuvelisa, ukuphatha iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo ezinjengokuxuba izinto, ukusabela kweekhemikhali, ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa, kunye ne-catalytic synthesis. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-reactors, i-reactors yensimbi engenasici iye yavela njengokhetho olukhethiweyo kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza okubanzi. Ke, kutheni iireactors zensimbi ezingenasici zithandwa ngaphezu kwezinye izinto (ezifana ne-carbon steel, i-enamel, okanye i-fiberglass)? Zeziphi iingenelo ezikhethekileyo ezenza zingabinakuthatha indawo yazo? Eli nqaku liza kuqhuba uhlalutyo olunzulu ukusuka kwimilinganiselo emininzi, kubandakanywa izinto eziphathekayo, ukuxhathisa ukubola, imigangatho yokhuseleko, ukuthotyelwa kococeko, ubomi benkonzo, kunye neendleko zokugcina, ukutyhila ukuba kutheni i-reactors yensimbi engenasici ifaneleka ngakumbi ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali.

1. Ukumelana ne-corrosion egqwesileyo, ifanelekile kwiindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zeekhemikhali

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imichiza, imidiya eyingozi kakhulu efana ne-acids eqinile, i-alkalis eqinile, i-solvents ye-organic, kunye ne-oxidizers zihlala zibandakanyeka. Ukuba izinto zenqanawa yokusabela azikwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, zinokukhokelela ngokulula kumonakalo wesixhobo, ukuvuza, okanye nakwiziganeko zokhuseleko. Insimbi engenasici (ngokukodwa amabakala aqhelekileyo afana ne-304 kunye ne-316L) iqulethe izinto ezixubileyo ezifana ne-chromium, i-nickel, kunye ne-molybdenum, eyenza ifilimu exineneyo kunye nozinzile (i-chromium oxide layer) phezu komhlaba, ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhukuliseka kwe-substrate yesinyithi ngamajelo eendaba.

Ukuthatha i-316L yensimbi engenasici njengomzekelo, iqulethe i-2% ukuya kwi-3% ye-molybdenum, ephakamisa kakhulu ukuchasana ne-chloride corrosion, eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ngokukhethekileyo kwiinkqubo zokusabela kwi-saline, i-chlorinated, okanye imimandla yamanzi olwandle. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-carbon steel reactors eqhelekileyo ithanda ukugqwala kwiimeko ezifumileyo okanye ezineasidi, azichaphazeli kuphela umgangatho wemveliso kodwa zinokukhokelela ekumisweni kwemveliso kunye nokulungiswa ngenxa yokugrumba okubangelwa ngumhlwa. Ngoko ke, kwiimeko ezibandakanya ukuvezwa kwexesha elide kwiikhemikhali ezitshabalalisayo, i-reactors yensimbi engenasici ibonisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka okungenakulinganiswa.

2. Amandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza okuphezulu kwe-thermal kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu

Iimpendulo ezininzi zeekhemikhali zifuna ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezifana ne-polymerization, i-esterification, kunye ne-hydrogenation. Oku kufuna ukuba i-reactor ibe namandla awoneleyo omatshini kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal. Izinto zensimbi ezingenasici zibonisa amandla aphezulu esivuno kunye namandla okuqina, okubenza bakwazi ukugcina ingqibelelo yesakhiwo phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Okwangoku, insimbi engenasici ine-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye ne-moderate conductivity ye-thermal, iyenza ukuba ingabikho phantsi koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwe-thermal ngexesha lokuguquguquka okuqhelekileyo kweqondo lokushisa, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka okubangelwa kukudinwa kwe-thermal. Ukongeza, ii-reactors zensimbi ezingenasici zihlala zixhotyiswe ngebhatyi okanye iikhoyili zolawulo lobushushu ngokujikeleza ioyile yokuhambisa ubushushu, umphunga, okanye amanzi apholisayo. Iimpawu ezibalaseleyo ze-welding kunye nokusebenza kokutywinwa kwensimbi engenasici ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezi nkqubo ezincedisayo.

3. Ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kococeko, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zococeko oluphezulu

Kumashishini aneemfuno zococeko eziphakamileyo kakhulu, ezinje ngamayeza, iteknoloji yebhayoloji, kunye nezongezo zokutya, ii-reactors akufuneki ziququzelele ukusabela kweekhemikhali kuphela kodwa zikwathobela imigangatho ye-GMP (Uqheliselo oluLungileyo lokuVelisa). Insimbi engenasici, enomgangatho ogudileyo, ukungabikho kweekona ezifileyo, ukucoceka ngokulula, kunye nokuchasana nokukhula kwebhaktheriya, yinto efanelekileyo yomgangatho wococeko.

Udonga lwangaphakathi lwensimbi engenasici, lugqitywe nge-mirror polishing (Ra ≤ 0.4μm), alugcini nje ukuthintela intsalela yezinto eziphathekayo kodwa lugwema ukungcoliswa komnqamlezo, luququzelele imisebenzi ye-CIP (i-Clean-in-Place) kunye ne-SIP (Sterilize-in-Place).

Olu lucelomngeni i-enamel reactors ezabalazela ukuloyisa ngokupheleleyo-nangona ikwazi ukuxhathisa kakuhle, xa yonakalisiwe, isinyithi esingaphantsi sinokonakala ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kunzima ukuyilungisa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, intsimbi engatyiwayo inokulungiswa ngokuwelda kunye nokupolisha nokuba yonakele ekuhlaleni, inika ulondolozo oluguquguqukayo ngakumbi.

Isishwankathelo, isizathu sokuba ii-reactors zensimbi ezingenasici zifaneleke ngakumbi kwimveliso yeekhemikhali zilele ekudityanisweni kokumelana nokubola, amandla aphezulu, ukhuseleko oluphezulu, ukucocwa lula, ubomi obude benkonzo kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Ezi mpawu zibenza bakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno zenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima. Nokuba uphatha amajelo osasazo ayingozi kakhulu, aqhuba ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, okanye uhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yococeko, izixhobo ezisebenza ngentsimbi ecocekileyo zibonelela ngezisombululo ezizinzileyo nezithembekileyo. Ke ngoko, kwishishini lemichiza lanamhlanje elilandela ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko, kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo, ii-reactors zensimbi ezingenasici azibonisi nje ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kodwa zisebenza njengesiseko esibalulekileyo sokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokukhuphisana kwenkampani.